DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Citus vs. Drizzle vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Citus vs. Drizzle vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

MySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.citusdata.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.citusdata.com

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Drizzle project, originally started by Brian Aker

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2010

2008

2014

Current release

8.1, December 2018

7.2.4, September 2012

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

GNU GPL

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JDBC

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C
C++
Java
PHP

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

hooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Pluggable authentication mechanisms

e.g. LDAP, HTTP

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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