DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Citus vs. Dgraph vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle Coherence

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Citus vs. Dgraph vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle Coherence

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Oracles in-memory data grid solution

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

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Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.89
Rank	#198	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#130	Overall
	#22	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.citusdata.com

dgraph.io

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

www.oracle.com/java/coherence

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.citusdata.com

dgraph.io/docs

doc.nuodb.com

docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

Oracle

Initial release

2012

2010

2016

2013

2007

Current release

8.1, December 2018

14.1, August 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Java, SQL

Triggers

yes

Live Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

yes, with selectable consistency level

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

tunable commit protocol

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optionally

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Planned for future releases

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

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