DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. BoltDB vs. Immudb vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. BoltDB vs. Immudb vs. Postgres-XL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	0.49
Rank	#256	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

github.com/boltdb/bolt

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.postgres-xl.org

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.immudb.io

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Codenotary

Initial release

2012

2013

2020

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

10 R1, October 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Server operating systems

hosted

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like syntax

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

MVCC

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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