DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Blazegraph vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Blazegraph vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

High-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	0.81
Rank	#213	Overall
	#19	Graph DBMS
	#8	RDF stores

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

blazegraph.com

rdf4j.org

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

wiki.blazegraph.com

rdf4j.org/documentation

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Blazegraph

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2006

2004

2014

Current release

2.1.5, March 2019

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

extended commercial license available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Scala

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

RDF literal types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SPARQL is used as query language

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
PHP
Python

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Relationships in Graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Security and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)

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