DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Phoenix vs. MonetDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Phoenix vs. MonetDB vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

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Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	2.06
Rank	#123	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#141	Overall
	#64	Relational DBMS

Score	2.07
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

phoenix.apache.org

www.monetdb.org

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

phoenix.apache.org

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation

MonetDB BV

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2012

2014

2004

2010

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Unix
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

yes, in SQL, C, R

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding via remote tables

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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