DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Immudb vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Immudb vs. RRDtool

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database.

The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	1.90
Rank	#132	Overall
	#11	Time Series DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.immudb.io

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Codenotary

Tobias Oetiker

Initial release

2012

2013

2020

1999

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

1.2.3, April 2022

1.8.0, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL V2 and FLOSS

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

HP-UX
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like syntax

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

in-process shared library
Pipes

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

with librrd library
C#

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Java

with a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js)

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP

with a wrapper library
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

by using the rrdcached daemon

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

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