DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. EventStoreDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. EventStoreDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Industrial-strength, open-source database solution built from the ground up for event sourcing.

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Event Store

Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1.10
Rank	#179	Overall
	#1	Event Stores

Score	3.26
Rank	#92	Overall
	#13	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org

dgraph.io

www.eventstore.com

cloud.google.com/bigtable

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

dgraph.io/docs

developers.eventstore.com

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Event Store Limited

Google

Initial release

2012

2013

2016

2012

2015

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

21.2, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

Synchronous replication via Raft

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-row operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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