DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. ArangoDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. ArangoDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Native multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.

Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/Linux

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine

Relational DBMS

Since Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDB

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
RDF store

in Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS

with Db2 Spatial Extender

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	3.26
Rank	#88	Overall
	#15	Document stores
	#5	Graph DBMS
	#12	Key-value stores
	#10	Search engines

Score	125.90
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Score	3.25
Rank	#89	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#13	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org

arangodb.com

www.ibm.com/products/db2

orientdb.org

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.arangodb.com

www.ibm.com/docs/en/db2

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

Social network pages

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

ArangoDB Inc.

IBM

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Initial release

2012

2013

2012

1983

host version

2010

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

3.11.5, November 2023

12.1, October 2016

3.2.29, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) available

commercial

free version is available

Open Source

Apache version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

automatically recognizes schema within a collection

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, boolean, list, hash

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-like query language, no joins

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream

ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries

MongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust

C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

JavaScript

yes

Java, Javascript

Triggers

yes

Hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

since version 2.0

Sharding

only with Windows/Unix/Linux Version

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

Source-replica replication with configurable replication factor

yes

with separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

can be done with stored procedures in JavaScript

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

configurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Graph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
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Competitive advantages

Consolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
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Typical application scenarios

Native multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
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Key customers

Cisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more

Market metrics

ArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Very permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
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