DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

RDF store

Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	15.25
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	10.63
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	2.91
Rank	#93	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	2.97
Rank	#92	Overall
	#15	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cloud.google.com/bigtable

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Google

Initial release

2012

2013

2000

2015

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

4.9.0, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Triggers

yes

via event handler

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

none

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

Atomic single-row operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access control via Jena Security

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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