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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Rdb

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Rdb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#184  Overall
#85  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.html
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.html
DeveloperAmazonGoogleMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)
Initial release2017201120101984
Current release1.23, February 2021V127.4.1.1, 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemshostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedHP Open VMS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQL
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.noneyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDyes, on a single node
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneLevelDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracle Rdb
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