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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. HBase vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. HBase vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesWidely used in-process key-value storeTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Wide column storeKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Key-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Graph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score30.50
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunehbase.apache.orgwww.leanxcale.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceshbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetLeanXcaleOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20172008201519942012
Current release2.3.4, January 202118.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Java
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free, schema definition possibleyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesnonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infothrough Apache Derbyyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C
Java
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoCoprocessors in Javanoyes
Triggersnoyesyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesnoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneHBaseLeanXcaleOracle Berkeley DBTitan
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