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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing method
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score807.76
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#365  Overall
#54  Key-value stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.h2database.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servergithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.immudb.iolearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperAmazonThomas MuellerCodenotaryMicrosoftSTS Soft SC
Initial release20172005202019892011
Current release2.2.220, July 20231.2.3, April 2022SQL Server 2022, November 20224.0.8, September 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoC++C#
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Windows
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like syntaxyesno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
.NET Client API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C#
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnoyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
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More resources
Amazon NeptuneH2ImmudbMicrosoft SQL ServerSTSdb
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