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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. GridDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. GridDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGridDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudScalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big DataMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#112  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.02
Rank#132  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Score829.80
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score44.47
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunegriddb.netwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverneo4j.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.griddb.netlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverneo4j.com/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperAmazonToshiba CorporationMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.Stardog-Union
Initial release20172013198920072010
Current release5.1, August 2022SQL Server 2022, November 20225.19, April 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++C++Java, ScalaJava
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinux
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infonumerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestampyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)yesnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyesyesyes infovia event handleryes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes using Neo4j Fabricnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoConnector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containersImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID at container levelACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Access rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneGridDBMicrosoft SQL ServerNeo4jStardog
Specific characteristicsGridDB is a highly scalable, in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantages1. Optimized for IoT Equipped with Toshiba's proprietary key-container data model...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosFactory IoT, Automative Industry, Energy, BEMS, Smart Community, Monitoring system.
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersDenso International [see use case ] An Electric Power company [see use case ] Ishinomaki...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsGitHub trending repository
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen Source license (AGPL v3 & Apache v2) Commercial license (subscription)
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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