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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. NebulaGraph vs. Sphinx

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. NebulaGraph vs. Sphinx

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonSphinx  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSOpen source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databases
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMSSearch engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score5.98
Rank#56  Overall
#5  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtablegithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
sphinxsearch.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.iosphinxsearch.com/­docs
DeveloperAmazonFoundationDBGoogleVesoft Inc.Sphinx Technologies Inc.
Initial release20172013201520192001
Current release6.2.28, November 20203.5.1, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoGPL version 2, commercial licence available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeStrong typed schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingnoyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnononoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes infofull-text index on all search fields
SQL infoSupport of SQLnosupported in specific SQL layer onlynoSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language (SphinxQL)
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Proprietary protocol
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C++ infounofficial client library
Java
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlynouser defined functionsno
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingShardingSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supported
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesCausal Clustering using Raft protocolnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsin SQL-layer onlynoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlno
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneFoundationDBGoogle Cloud BigtableNebulaGraphSphinx
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneFoundationDBGoogle Cloud BigtableNebulaGraphSphinx
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