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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Dgraph vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. PostgreSQL vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Dgraph vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. PostgreSQL vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonInterSystems IRIS  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA containerised multi-model DBMS, interoperability and analytics data platform with wide capabilities for vertical and horizontal scalabilityWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.54
Rank#84  Overall
#14  Document stores
#10  Key-value stores
#1  Object oriented DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunedgraph.iowww.intersystems.com/­products/­intersystems-iriswww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdgraph.io/­docsdocs.intersystems.com/­irislatest/­csp/­docbook/­DocBook.UI.Page.clswww.postgresql.org/­docsgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperAmazonDgraph Labs, Inc.InterSystemsPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release2017201620181989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2012
Current release2023.3, June 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoCJava
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
Linux
macOS
Ubuntu
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freedepending on used data modelyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Synchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyesyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)no infoPlanned for future releasesyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneDgraphInterSystems IRISPostgreSQLTitan
Specific characteristicsInterSystems IRIS is a complete cloud-first data platform which includes a multi-model...
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More resources
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