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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. CrateDB vs. Dgraph vs. Oracle Coherence vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. CrateDB vs. Dgraph vs. Oracle Coherence vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Coherence  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudDistributed Database based on LuceneDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSOracles in-memory data grid solutionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score0.73
Rank#224  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#130  Overall
#22  Key-value stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecratedb.comdgraph.iowww.oracle.com/­java/­coherencewww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescratedb.com/­docsdgraph.io/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­middleware/­standalone/­coherencewww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperAmazonCrateDgraph Labs, Inc.OraclePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20172013201620071989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release14.1, August 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaGoJavaC
Server operating systemshostedAll Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesnoyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitynonoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Java
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions (Javascript)nonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnononoyes infoLive Eventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingyesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Configurable replication on table/partition-levelSynchronous replication via Raftyes, with selectable consistency levelSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDconfigurableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes infooptionallyyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)rights management via user accountsno infoPlanned for future releasesauthentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneCrateDBDgraphOracle CoherencePostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneCrateDBDgraphOracle CoherencePostgreSQL
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