DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. MariaDB vs. OrigoDB vs. Riak KV

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. MariaDB vs. OrigoDB vs. Riak KV

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

A fully ACID in-memory object graph database

Distributed, fault tolerant key-value store

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

Key-value store

with links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.29
Rank	#113	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	2.15
Rank	#117	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	91.04
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	0.06
Rank	#380	Overall
	#50	Document stores
	#18	Object oriented DBMS

Score	4.01
Rank	#79	Overall
	#9	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

www.citusdata.com

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

origodb.com

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

docs.citusdata.com

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

origodb.com/docs

www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/kv/latest

Developer

Amazon

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

Robert Friberg et al

OpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies

Initial release

2017

2010

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2009

under the name LiveDB

2009

Current release

8.1, December 2018

11.3.2, February 2024

3.2.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

Apache version 2, commercial enterprise edition

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

Implementation language

C and C++

Erlang

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

User defined using .NET types and collections

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

can be achieved using .NET

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ

HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net

unofficial client library
C#
C++

unofficial client library
Clojure

unofficial client library
Dart

unofficial client library
Erlang
Go

unofficial client library
Groovy

unofficial client library
Haskell

unofficial client library
Java
JavaScript

unofficial client library
Lisp

unofficial client library
Perl

unofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

unofficial client library
Smalltalk

unofficial client library

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

yes

Erlang

Triggers

yes

Domain Events

yes

pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

horizontal partitioning

client side managed; servers are not synchronized

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

depending on model

links between data sets can be stored

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

Write ahead log

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role based authorization

yes, using Riak Security

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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