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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Druid vs. Geode vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Druid vs. Geode vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#131  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunedruid.apache.orggeode.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designgeode.apache.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation and contributorsOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.MicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20172012200220101994
Current release29.0.1, April 20241.1, February 2017V1218.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as GemfirecommercialOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredhostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL for queryingSQL-like query language (OQL)yesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functionsTransact SQLno
Triggersnonoyes infoCache Event Listenersyesyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replicationyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoyes, on a single nodeACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights per client and object definablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache DruidGeodeMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracle Berkeley DB
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