DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. MonetDB vs. MySQL vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. MonetDB vs. MySQL vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

Widely used open source RDBMS

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.07
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#145	Overall
	#67	Relational DBMS

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.monetdb.org

www.mysql.com

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

dev.mysql.com/doc

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Amazon

Microsoft

MonetDB BV

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

1989

2004

1995

2014

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

8.4.0, April 2024

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Scala

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes, in SQL, C, R

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding via remote tables

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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