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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.45
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score0.80
Rank#214  Overall
#99  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbwww.mcobject.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dborientdb.orgwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbwww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperAmazonMcObjectMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20122001201420101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release8.2, 20213.2.29, March 202416.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationscommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
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Implementation languageC and C++JavaC
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infosupport of XML interfaces availablenoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language, no joinsyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesJavaScriptJava, Javascriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdayes infoby defining eventsJavaScriptHooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning / shardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)nowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes inforelationship in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights can be defined down to the item levelAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon DynamoDBeXtremeDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOrientDBPostgreSQL
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBeXtremeDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOrientDBPostgreSQL
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