DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. InfluxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. InfluxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

DBMS for storing time series, events and metrics

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

with GEO package

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.07
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	25.83
Rank	#28	Overall
	#1	Time Series DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.influxdata.com/products/influxdb-overview

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

docs.influxdata.com/influxdb

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.nebula-graph.io

Developer

Amazon

Google

Microsoft

Vesoft Inc.

Initial release

2012

2010

2013

2014

2019

Current release

2.7.6, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

commercial

Open Source

MIT-License; commercial enterprise version available

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X

through Homebrew

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Strong typed schema

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data and Strings

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP API
JSON over UDP

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

in enterprise version only

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

in enterprise version only

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Depending on used storage engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

simple rights management via user accounts

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

InfluxData is the creator of InfluxDB , the open source time series database. It...
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NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantages

Time to Value InfluxDB is available in all the popular languages and frameworks,...
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NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

IoT & Sensor Monitoring Developers are witnessing the instrumentation of every available...
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Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

InfluxData has more than 1,900 paying customers, including customers include MuleSoft,...
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Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

Fastest-growing database to drive 27,500 GitHub stars Over 750,000 daily active instances
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At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Licensing and pricing models

Open source core with closed source clustering available either on-premise or on...
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NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.