DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardware

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.07
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	1.77
Rank	#141	Overall
	#65	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

cloud.google.com/bigquery

github.com/heavyai/heavydb
www.heavy.ai

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

docs.heavy.ai

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.nebula-graph.io

Developer

Amazon

Google

HEAVY.AI, Inc.

Microsoft

Vesoft Inc.

Initial release

2012

2010

2016

2014

2019

Current release

5.10, January 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; enterprise edition available

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++ and CUDA

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Strong typed schema

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Round robin

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.