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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.07
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score60.38
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbcloud.google.com/­bigquerywww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbcloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.nebula-graph.io
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperAmazonGoogleOntotextMicrosoftVesoft Inc.
Initial release20122010200020142019
Current release10.4, October 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationscommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemshostedhostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-freeStrong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP/JSON APIGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions infoin JavaScriptwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityJavaScriptuser defined functions
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS LambdanonoJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceCausal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)nonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoConstraint checkingnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionno infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Access rights can be defined down to the item levelRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon DynamoDBGoogle BigQueryGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
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