DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Drizzle vs. GraphDB vs. TerminusDB vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Drizzle vs. GraphDB vs. TerminusDB vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

MySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
RDF store

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.45
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	3.25
Rank	#91	Overall
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	0.23
Rank	#316	Overall
	#27	Graph DBMS

Score	4.25
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

www.ontotext.com

terminusdb.com

pingcap.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

Social network pages

Developer

Amazon

Drizzle project, originally started by Brian Aker

Ontotext

DataChemist Ltd.

PingCAP, Inc.

Initial release

2012

2008

2000

2018

2016

Current release

7.2.4, September 2012

10.4, October 2023

11.0.0, January 2023

8.1.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

GNU GPL

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

Open Source

GPL V3

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Prolog, Rust

Go, Rust

Server operating systems

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Java
PHP

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

JavaScript
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

yes

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

hooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Graph Partitioning

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

Journaling Streams

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory journaling

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Pluggable authentication mechanisms

e.g. LDAP, HTTP

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

Role-based access control

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.