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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Neo4j vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Neo4j vs. RethinkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityFully managed big data interactive analytics platformScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.07
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbwww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerneo4j.comrethinkdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerneo4j.com/­docsrethinkdb.com/­docs
DeveloperAmazonCognitectMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.The Linux Foundation infosince July 2017
Initial release20122012201920072009
Current release1.0.6735, June 2023cloud service with continuous releases5.19, April 20242.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationscommercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureJava, ScalaC++
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free and schema-optionalschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometry
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnono
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS LambdaBy using transaction functionsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infovia event handlerClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes using Neo4j FabricSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)noSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACIDnoACIDAtomic single-document operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoMVCC based
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yes infousers and table-level permissions
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon DynamoDBDatomicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNeo4jRethinkDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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