DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. CockroachDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Realm vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. CockroachDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Realm vs. Solr

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store

Search engine

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.45
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	5.73
Rank	#58	Overall
	#34	Relational DBMS

Score	2.75
Rank	#104	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Score	7.41
Rank	#52	Overall
	#8	Document stores

Score	41.02
Rank	#24	Overall
	#3	Search engines

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

www.cockroachlabs.com

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

realm.io

solr.apache.org

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

realm.io/docs

solr.apache.org/resources.html

Developer

Amazon

Cockroach Labs

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2015

2010

2014

2006

Current release

24.1.0, May 2024

9.6.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Erlang

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
macOS
Windows

hosted

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)

Data scheme

schema-free

dynamic schema

schema-free

yes

Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

supports customizable data types and automatic typing

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

Solr Parallel SQL Interface

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Java plugins

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

yes

Change Listeners

yes

User configurable commands triggered on index changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

yes

spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Role-based access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.