DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Blazegraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL vs. StarRocks

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Blazegraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL vs. StarRocks

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

High-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

An open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics

Forked from Apache Doris

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

column oriented

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.45
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	0.81
Rank	#213	Overall
	#19	Graph DBMS
	#8	RDF stores

Score	3.80
Rank	#81	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	0.93
Rank	#198	Overall
	#93	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

blazegraph.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

spark.apache.org/sql

www.starrocks.io

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

wiki.blazegraph.com

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

docs.starrocks.io/en-us/latest/introduction/StarRocks_intro

Developer

Amazon

Blazegraph

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

The Linux Foundation

since Feb 2023

Initial release

2012

2006

2019

2014

2020

Current release

2.1.5, March 2019

cloud service with continuous releases

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

2.5.3, March 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

extended commercial license available

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Scala

C++, Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

RDF literal types

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SPARQL is used as query language

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
MySQL protocol

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

Java
Python
R
Scala

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes, utilizing Spark Core

horizontal partitioning (by range and hash)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in Graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Security and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)

Azure Active Directory Authentication

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

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