DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Hazelcast vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Hazelcast vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.45
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	2.06
Rank	#123	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	5.46
Rank	#61	Overall
	#7	Key-value stores

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

phoenix.apache.org

hazelcast.com

google.github.io/lovefield

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

phoenix.apache.org

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Amazon

Apache Software Foundation

Hazelcast

Google

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2012

2014

2008

2014

2004

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

5.3.6, November 2023

2.1.12, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

JavaScript

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

yes

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

yes

Events

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Replicated Map

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

Hadoop integration

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Role-based access control

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