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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Phoenix vs. CrateDB vs. LMDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Phoenix vs. CrateDB vs. LMDB vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseDistributed Database based on LuceneA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database librarySpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.07
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score0.73
Rank#224  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbphoenix.apache.orgcratedb.comwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbphoenix.apache.orgcratedb.com/­docswww.lmdb.tech/­docspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperAmazonApache Software FoundationCrateSymasApache Software Foundation
Initial release20122014201320112014
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20190.9.32, January 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open SourceOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageJavaJavaCScala
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
Windows
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinux
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitynoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsuser defined functions (Javascript)nono
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdanononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Configurable replication on table/partition-levelnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)Hadoop integrationnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACIDno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyrights management via user accountsnono
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon DynamoDBApache PhoenixCrateDBLMDBSpark SQL
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBApache PhoenixCrateDBLMDBSpark SQL
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