DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Phoenix vs. CockroachDB vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Phoenix vs. CockroachDB vs. LevelDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	70.06
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	1.90
Rank	#125	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	4.74
Rank	#67	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Score	2.33
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

phoenix.apache.org

www.cockroachlabs.com

github.com/google/leveldb

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

phoenix.apache.org

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

Developer

Amazon

Apache Software Foundation

Cockroach Labs

Google

Initial release

2012

2014

2015

2011

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

24.1.0, May 2024

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Unix
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

dynamic schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication using RAFT

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Role-based access control

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