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DBMS > Amazon DocumentDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Amazon DocumentDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionFast, scalable, highly available, and fully managed MongoDB-compatible database serviceDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelDocument storeDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.89
Rank#137  Overall
#24  Document stores
Score2.73
Rank#108  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score29.85
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­documentdbwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.orgtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­documentdb/­resourcescloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org/­docstrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014MicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release2019201020141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current release16.2, February 20242.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageErlangCC++, Java
Server operating systemshostedhostedhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsproprietary protocol using JSON (MongoDB compatible)RESTful HTTP/JSON APIDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java Stored Procedures
TriggersnoyesJavaScriptyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones for high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicasMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)yeswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*noyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infotypically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possiblenonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-document operationsno infoatomic operations within a document possibleMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon DocumentDBIBM CloudantMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBPostgreSQLTrafodion
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