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DBMS > Amazon DocumentDB vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon DocumentDB vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, scalable, highly available, and fully managed MongoDB-compatible database serviceAnalytic DBMS for HadoopGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.91
Rank#132  Overall
#24  Document stores
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­documentdbimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­documentdb/­resourcesimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2019201320141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release4.1.0, June 202216.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++C
Server operating systemshostedLinuxhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsproprietary protocol using JSON (MongoDB compatible)JDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersnonoJavaScriptyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones for high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicasselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)yes infoquery execution via MapReducewith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infotypically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possiblenonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-document operationsnoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon DocumentDBApache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBPostgreSQL
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