DBMS > Altibase vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Altibase vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An enterprise grade, high-performance RDBMS

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Widely used RDBMS

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.00
Rank	#194	Overall
	#91	Relational DBMS

Score	29.85
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1234.27
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.09
Rank	#351	Overall
	#47	Document stores

Website

altibase.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.oracle.com/database

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

github.com/ALTIBASE/Documents/tree/master/Manuals

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.oracle.com/en/database

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Altibase

Microsoft

Oracle

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1999

2014

1980

2019

Current release

v7.3, 2023, August 2023

23c, September 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open source edition discontinued with March 2023

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

AIX
HP-UX
Linux

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

ANSI SQL-92

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C
C++
Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

stored procedures and stored functions

JavaScript

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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