DBMS > Altibase vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OceanBase vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Altibase vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OceanBase vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An enterprise grade, high-performance RDBMS

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A distributed, high available RDBMS compatible with Oracle and MySQL

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Wide column store

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.02
Rank	#189	Overall
	#88	Relational DBMS

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.57
Rank	#149	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	636.25
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Website

altibase.com

impala.apache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

en.oceanbase.com

www.postgresql.org

Technical documentation

github.com/ALTIBASE/Documents/tree/master/Manuals

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

en.oceanbase.com/docs/oceanbase-database

www.postgresql.org/docs

Developer

Altibase

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Microsoft

OceanBase

previously Alibaba and Ant Group

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Initial release

1999

2013

1989

2010

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

Current release

v7.3, 2023, August 2023

4.1.0, June 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

4.3.0, April 2024

16.3, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open source edition discontinued with March 2023

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Commercial license available

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

AIX
HP-UX
Linux

Linux

Linux
Windows

Linux

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

ANSI SQL-92

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Proprietary native API
Table API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

C
C++
Java

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Ada

in MySQL-compatible model
C

in Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
C++

in Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
D

in MySQL-compatible model
Delphi

in MySQL-compatible model
Eiffel

in MySQL-compatible model
Erlang

in MySQL-compatible model
Haskell

in MySQL-compatible model
Java

in Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
JavaScript (Node.js)

in MySQL-compatible model
Objective-C

in MySQL-compatible model
OCaml

in MySQL-compatible model
Perl

in MySQL-compatible model
PHP

in MySQL-compatible model
Python

in MySQL-compatible model
Ruby

in MySQL-compatible model
Scheme

in MySQL-compatible model
Tcl

in MySQL-compatible model

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

stored procedures and stored functions

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

PL/SQL in oracle-compatible mode, MySQL Stored Procedure in mysql-compatible mode

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning (by hash, key, range, range columns, list, and list columns)

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication using Paxos

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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