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DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Neo4j vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Neo4j vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.84
Rank#204  Overall
#35  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#10  Vector DBMS
Score5.61
Rank#60  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score0.97
Rank#191  Overall
#32  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#87  Relational DBMS
Score42.68
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.48
Rank#108  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websiteallegrograph.comduckdb.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbneo4j.comwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmlduckdb.org/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbneo4j.com/­docsdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperFranz Inc.FoundationDBNeo4j, Inc.Yugabyte Inc.
Initial release20042018201320072017
Current release8.0, December 20231.0.0, June 20246.2.28, November 20205.23, August 20242.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageC++C++Java, ScalaC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
server-lessLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyes infoRDF schemasyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free and schema-optionaldepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobulk load of XML files possiblenono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyessupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesC#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoJavaScript or Common Lispnoin SQL-layer onlyyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersyesnonoyes infovia event handleryes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeswith FederationnoneShardingyes using Neo4j FabricHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneyesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoin SQL-layer onlyyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationnonoUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yes
More information provided by the system vendor
AllegroGraphDuckDBFoundationDBNeo4jYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more
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