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DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. Citus vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. Citus vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.84
Rank#204  Overall
#35  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#10  Vector DBMS
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score19.46
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score807.76
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1286.59
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websiteallegrograph.comwww.citusdata.comwww.firebirdsql.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmldocs.citusdata.comwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperFranz Inc.Firebird FoundationMicrosoftOracle
Initial release200420102000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase19891980
Current release8.0, December 20238.1, December 20185.0.1, August 2024SQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageCC and C++C++C and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyes infoRDF schemasyesyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobulk load of XML files possibleyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoJavaScript or Common Lispuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.PSQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersyesyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeswith FederationShardingnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
AllegroGraphCitusFirebirdMicrosoft SQL ServerOracle
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More resources
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