DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. Amazon Redshift vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. Amazon Redshift vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

High performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMS

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Document store

with version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.13
Rank	#179	Overall
	#30	Document stores
	#17	Graph DBMS
	#7	RDF stores
	#8	Vector DBMS

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	5.18
Rank	#63	Overall
	#11	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#7	Search engines

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	4.99
Rank	#65	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

allegrograph.com

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.progress.com/marklogic

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

trino.io

Technical documentation

franz.com/agraph/support/documentation/current/agraph-introduction.html

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.progress.com/marklogic/documentation

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Franz Inc.

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

MarkLogic Corp.

Microsoft

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2004

2012

2001

2014

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

8.0, December 2023

11.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Limited community edition free

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

RDF schemas

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

bulk load of XML files possible

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

SPARQL is used as query language

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

SQL92

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

C#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript or Common Lisp

user defined functions

in Python

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

JavaScript

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

with Federation

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

yes, with Range Indexes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Knowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more

Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more

Competitive advantages

AllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more

High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more

Key customers

Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more

Market metrics

33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more

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