DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. Altibase vs. Cassandra vs. Neo4j vs. OpenSearch
System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. Altibase vs. Cassandra vs. Neo4j vs. OpenSearch
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| Name | AllegroGraph Xexclude from comparison | Altibase Xexclude from comparison | Cassandra Xexclude from comparison | Neo4j Xexclude from comparison | OpenSearch Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | High performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMS | An enterprise grade, high-performance RDBMS | Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB  Optimized for write access | Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings | A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Document store with version 6.5 Graph DBMS RDF store Vector DBMS | Relational DBMS | Wide column store | Graph DBMS | Search engine | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Spatial DBMS | Vector DBMS starting with release V5 | Vector DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | allegrograph.com | altibase.com | cassandra.apache.org | neo4j.com | github.com/opensearch-project opensearch.org | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | franz.com/agraph/support/documentation/current/agraph-introduction.html | github.com/ALTIBASE/Documents/tree/master/Manuals | cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest | neo4j.com/docs | opensearch.org/docs/latest | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Franz Inc. | Altibase | Apache Software Foundation Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook | Neo4j, Inc. | Amazon Web Services | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2004 | 1999 | 2008 | 2007 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 8.0, December 2023 | v7.3, 2023, August 2023 | 4.1.3, July 2023 | 5.20, May 2024 | 2.5.0, January 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial Limited community edition free | commercial Open source edition discontinued with March 2023 | Open Source Apache version 2 | Open Source GPL version3, commercial licenses available | Open Source Apache Version 2.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra. | Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers. |
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| Implementation language | C++ | Java | Java, Scala | Java | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Linux OS X Windows | AIX HP-UX Linux | BSD Linux OS X Windows | Linux Can also be used server-less as embedded Java database. OS X Solaris Windows | All OS with a Java VM | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes RDF schemas | yes | schema-free | schema-free and schema-optional | schema-free Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no bulk load of XML files possible | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | restricted only equality queries, not always the best performing solution | yes pluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene | yes All search fields are automatically indexed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | SPARQL is used as query language | ANSI SQL-92 | SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL) | no | SQL-like query language | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | RESTful HTTP API SPARQL | JDBC ODBC Proprietary protocol | Proprietary protocol CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language) Thrift | Bolt protocol Cypher query language Java API Neo4j-OGM Object Graph MapperRESTful HTTP API Spring Data Neo4j TinkerPop 3 | Java API RESTful HTTP/JSON API | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C# Clojure Java Lisp Perl Python Ruby Scala | C C++ Java | C# C++ Clojure Erlang Go Haskell Java JavaScript Node.jsPerl PHP Python Ruby Scala | .Net Clojure Elixir Go Groovy Haskell Java JavaScript Perl PHP Python Ruby Scala | Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby Elasticsearch client | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes JavaScript or Common Lisp | stored procedures and stored functions | no | yes User defined Procedures and Functions | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes | yes | yes | yes via event handler | yes by using the 'percolation' feature | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | with Federation | Sharding | Sharding no "single point of failure" | yes using Neo4j Fabric | Sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | yes | selectable replication factor Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible | Causal Clustering using Raft protocol available in in Enterprise Version only | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | yes | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency can be individually decided for each write operation | Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode | Eventual Consistency Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | yes | no | yes Relationships in graphs | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | ACID | no Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations | ACID | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Access rights for users can be defined per object | Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AllegroGraph | Altibase | Cassandra | Neo4j | OpenSearch | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific characteristics | Knowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph... » more | Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well... » more | Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale... » more | OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Competitive advantages | AllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and... » more | No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for... » more | Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely... » more | Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typical application scenarios | Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product... » more | Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network... » more | The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key customers | Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best... » more | Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market metrics | Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100. » more | Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and pricing models | Apache license Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available... » more | GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial... » more | The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| News | How a Neuro-Symbolic AI Approach Can Improve Trust in AI Apps Can Neuro-Symbolic AI Solve AI’s Weaknesses? 100 Companies That Matter in KM – Franz Inc. Exploring AllegroGraph v8 – Unleashing the Power of Neuro-Symbolic AI (Recorded Webinar) What is Neuro-Symbolic AI? | An Introduction to David Jones-Gilardi, Developer Relations Introducing Tejas Kumar, Developer Relations Engineer Indexing All of Wikipedia on a Laptop An Introduction to Phil Nash, Developer Relations Focus on Creativity, Not Clusters: DataStax Mission Control in Action! | Neo4j-Databricks Connector Delivers Deeper Insights, Faster GenAI Development This Week in Neo4j: Podcast, Testing, Knowledge Graph, GenAI and more Neo4j and Snowflake Bring Graph Data Science Into the AI Data Cloud RDF vs. Property Graphs: Choosing the Right Approach for Implementing a Knowledge Graph This Week in Neo4j: Importing Data, NODES, GenAI, Going Meta and more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 3rd parties | CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers. » more Cassandra Forward event: Want to level up your Cassandra game? Watch now replays of the March 2023 sessions. » more | Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AllegroGraph | Altibase | Cassandra | Neo4j | OpenSearch | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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