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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud PolarDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA cloud-native relational database compatible with MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle. Designed for business critical applications.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.59
Rank#241  Overall
#110  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­polardbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbneo4j.comwww.stardog.comtypedb.com
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­polardb/­product-overviewlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbneo4j.com/­docsdocs.stardog.comtypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperAlibabaMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.Stardog-UnionVaticle
Initial release2014200720102016
Current release5.19, April 20247.3.0, May 20202.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languagenoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesJava
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJavaScriptyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
TriggersyesJavaScriptyes infovia event handleryes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes using Neo4j FabricnoneSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationships in graphsno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Access rights for users and rolesyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
Alibaba Cloud PolarDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBNeo4jStardogTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsPolarDB, previously ApsaraDB for PolarDB, is a cloud-native relational database designed...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesWebinar: Top Scientists Live: Tech Secrets to Double 11's Success Revealed. White...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosCreating a Robust Cloud-Based Database for Fintech, E-Commerce and Gaming. Learn...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSpecification and pricing. You can use either of the following billing methods to...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more
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