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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. GraphDB vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. GraphDB vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud PolarDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA cloud-native relational database compatible with MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle. Designed for business critical applications.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.66
Rank#235  Overall
#108  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score3.19
Rank#94  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score4.25
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­polardbwww.ontotext.commemgraph.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbpingcap.com
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­polardb/­product-overviewgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationmemgraph.com/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMediumLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
DeveloperAlibabaOntotextMemgraph LtdMicrosoftPingCAP, Inc.
Initial release2000201720142016
Current release10.4, October 20238.1.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++Go, Rust
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnoSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesJava
Python
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyeswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityJavaScriptno
TriggersyesnoJavaScriptno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSharding infodynamic graph partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*yes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoConstraint checkingyes inforelationships in graphsnoyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infowith snapshot isolationMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Users, roles and permissionsAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Alibaba Cloud PolarDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMemgraphMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBTiDB
Specific characteristicsPolarDB, previously ApsaraDB for PolarDB, is a cloud-native relational database designed...
» more
Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantagesWebinar: Top Scientists Live: Tech Secrets to Double 11's Success Revealed. White...
» more
GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosCreating a Robust Cloud-Based Database for Fintech, E-Commerce and Gaming. Learn...
» more
Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSpecification and pricing. You can use either of the following billing methods to...
» more
GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more
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More resources
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