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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. Apache Cassandra vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. Apache Cassandra vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud PolarDB  Xexclude from comparisonApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA cloud-native relational database compatible with MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle. Designed for business critical applications.Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.82
Rank#205  Overall
#97  Relational DBMS
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score807.76
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­polardbcassandra.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servergithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­polardb/­product-overviewcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperAlibabaApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release200819892016
Current release5.0-rc1, July 2024SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemshostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesJava
Python
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infono "single point of failure"tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Alibaba Cloud PolarDBApache CassandraMicrosoft SQL ServerToroDB
Specific characteristicsPolarDB, previously ApsaraDB for PolarDB, is a cloud-native relational database designed...
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Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesWebinar: Top Scientists Live: Tech Secrets to Double 11's Success Revealed. White...
» more
No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosCreating a Robust Cloud-Based Database for Fintech, E-Commerce and Gaming. Learn...
» more
Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSpecification and pricing. You can use either of the following billing methods to...
» more
Apache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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