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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDB  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on GreenplumAnalytic DBMS for HadoopGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.76
Rank#220  Overall
#102  Relational DBMS
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score130.36
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­hybriddb-postgresqlimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.snowflake.com
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­analyticdb-for-postgresql/­latest/­product-introduction-overviewimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dblearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
DeveloperAlibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development GroupApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftMicrosoftSnowflake Computing Inc.
Initial release20162013201419892014
Current release4.1.0, June 2022SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxhostedLinux
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
Java
Perl
Python
R
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions
TriggersyesnoJavaScriptyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resources
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducewith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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More resources
Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDBApache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft SQL ServerSnowflake
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