DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Apache Druid vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Apache Druid vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Solr

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on Greenplum

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Wide column store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Search engine

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.76
Rank	#220	Overall
	#102	Relational DBMS

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	27.97
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	41.02
Rank	#24	Overall
	#3	Search engines

Website

www.alibabacloud.com/product/hybriddb-postgresql

druid.apache.org

hbase.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

solr.apache.org

Technical documentation

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/analyticdb-for-postgresql/latest/product-introduction-overview

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

hbase.apache.org/book.html

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

solr.apache.org/resources.html

Developer

Alibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development Group

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2016

2012

2008

2014

2006

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

2.3.4, January 2021

9.6.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free, schema definition possible

schema-free

yes

Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

JSON types

yes

supports customizable data types and automatic typing

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL for querying

SQL-like query language

Solr Parallel SQL Interface

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Coprocessors in Java

JavaScript

Java plugins

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

yes

User configurable commands triggered on index changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

yes

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