DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Amazon DynamoDB vs. AnzoGraph DB vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Amazon DynamoDB vs. AnzoGraph DB vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Name

Description

An online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on Greenplum

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Scalable graph database built for online analytics and data harmonization with MPP scaling, high-performance analytical algorithms and reasoning, and virtualization

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

column oriented

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.68
Rank	#231	Overall
	#105	Relational DBMS

Score	74.07
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	0.23
Rank	#307	Overall
	#24	Graph DBMS
	#13	RDF stores

Score	30.50
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	4.38
Rank	#77	Overall
	#41	Relational DBMS

Website

www.alibabacloud.com/product/hybriddb-postgresql

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

cambridgesemantics.com/anzograph

hbase.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

Technical documentation

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/analyticdb-for-postgresql/latest/product-introduction-overview

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

docs.cambridgesemantics.com/anzograph/userdoc/home.htm

hbase.apache.org/book.html

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

Developer

Alibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development Group

Amazon

Cambridge Semantics

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Microsoft

Initial release

2016

2012

2018

2008

2019

Current release

2.3, January 2021

2.3.4, January 2021

cloud service with continuous releases

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

commercial

free trial version available

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

schema-free, schema definition possible

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SPARQL and SPARQL* as primary query language. Cypher preview.

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

Apache Mule
gRPC
JDBC
Kafka
OData access for BI tools
OpenCypher
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Java
Python

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and aggregates

yes

Coprocessors in Java

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Automatic sharding

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Multi-source replication in MPP-Cluster

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

Kerberos/HDFS data loading

yes

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency in MPP-Cluster

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not needed in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

Azure Active Directory Authentication

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