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DBMS > AlaSQL vs. HBase vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Neo4j vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison AlaSQL vs. HBase vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Neo4j vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionJavaScript DBMS libraryWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Wide column storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.51
Rank#256  Overall
#40  Document stores
#118  Relational DBMS
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitealasql.orghbase.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverneo4j.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqlhbase.apache.org/­book.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverneo4j.com/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.OpenLink Software
Initial release20142008198920071998
Current release2.3.4, January 2021SQL Server 2022, November 20225.20, May 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT-LicenseOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaScriptJavaC++Java, ScalaC
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Linux
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free, schema definition possibleyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenooptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesnonoyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLClose to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.noyesnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJavaScript APIJava API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJavaScriptC
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoCoprocessors in JavaTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesyesyes infovia event handleryes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes using Neo4j Fabricyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storageSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
AlaSQLHBaseMicrosoft SQL ServerNeo4jVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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