DBMS > AlaSQL vs. CouchDB vs. LevelDB vs. MongoDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison AlaSQL vs. CouchDB vs. LevelDB vs. MongoDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

JavaScript DBMS library

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

One of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructure

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

Document store

Key-value store

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

Spatial DBMS
Search engine

integrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only.
Time Series DBMS

Time Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0
Vector DBMS

currently available in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service only

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.51
Rank	#256	Overall
	#40	Document stores
	#118	Relational DBMS

Score	8.30
Rank	#47	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	421.08
Rank	#5	Overall
	#1	Document stores

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

alasql.org

couchdb.apache.org

github.com/google/leveldb

www.mongodb.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

github.com/AlaSQL/alasql

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

www.mongodb.com/docs/manual

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Andrey Gershun & Mathias R. Wulff

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

Google

MongoDB, Inc

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2014

2005

2011

2009

2019

Current release

3.3.3, December 2023

1.23, February 2021

6.0.7, June 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT-License

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

MongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available.

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

MongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas)

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Implementation language

JavaScript

Erlang

C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

Although schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema.

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatial

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Close to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.

Read-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Atlas SQL Interface

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JavaScript API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

GraphQL
HTTP REST
Prisma
proprietary protocol using JSON

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

JavaScript

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Actionscript

unofficial driver
C
C#
C++
Clojure

unofficial driver
ColdFusion

unofficial driver
D

unofficial driver
Dart

unofficial driver
Delphi

unofficial driver
Erlang
Go
Groovy

unofficial driver
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Lisp

unofficial driver
Lua

unofficial driver
MatLab

unofficial driver
Perl
PHP
PowerShell

unofficial driver
Prolog

unofficial driver
Python
R

unofficial driver
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Smalltalk

unofficial driver
Swift

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

in MongoDB Atlas only

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

none

Sharding

Partitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime.

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

Multi-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters
Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

can be individually decided for each read operation
Immediate Consistency

default behaviour

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

typically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

only for local storage and DOM-storage

atomic operations within a single document possible

Multi-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorage

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

optional, enabled by default

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

MongoDB provides an integrated suite of cloud database and data services to accelerate...
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Competitive advantages

Built around the flexible document data model and unified API, MongoDB is a developer...
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Typical application scenarios

AI-enriched intelligent apps (Continental, Telefonica, Iron Mountain) Internet of...
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Key customers

ADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,...
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Market metrics

Hundreds of millions downloads, over 150,000+ Atlas clusters provisioned every month...
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Licensing and pricing models

MongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses...
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