DBMS > AgensGraph vs. Ingres vs. Oracle vs. PostgreSQL vs. Rockset
System Properties Comparison AgensGraph vs. Ingres vs. Oracle vs. PostgreSQL vs. Rockset
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| Name | AgensGraph Xexclude from comparison | Ingres Xexclude from comparison | Oracle Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Rockset Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Multi-model database supporting relational and graph data models and built upon PostgreSQL | Well established RDBMS | Widely used RDBMS | Widely used open source RDBMS  Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | A scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDB | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Graph DBMS Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Document store | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS with Oracle Spatial and GraphRDF store with Oracle Spatial and GraphSpatial DBMS with Oracle Spatial and GraphVector DBMS since Oracle 23 | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Relational DBMS Search engine | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | bitnine.net/agensgraph | www.actian.com/databases/ingres | www.oracle.com/database | www.postgresql.org | rockset.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | bitnine.net/documentation | docs.actian.com/ingres | docs.oracle.com/en/database | www.postgresql.org/docs | docs.rockset.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Bitnine Global Inc. | Actian Corporation | Oracle | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Rockset | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2016 | 1974 originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s | 1980 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 2.1, December 2018 | 11.2, May 2022 | 23c, September 2023 | 16.3, May 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache License 2.0 | commercial | commercial restricted free version is available | Open Source BSD | commercial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | C | C | C and C++ | C | C++ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Linux OS X Windows | AIX HP Open VMS HP-UX Linux Solaris Windows | AIX HP-UX Linux OS X Solaris Windows z/OS | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | hosted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | depending on used data model | yes | yes Schemaless in JSON and XML columns | yes | schema-free | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes | dynamic typing | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | no but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available | yes | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no ingestion from XML files supported | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | yes | all fields are automatically indexed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes | yes | yes with proprietary extensions | yes standard with numerous extensions | Read-only SQL queries, including JOINs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | Cypher Query Language JDBC | .NET Client API JDBC ODBC proprietary protocol (OpenAPI) | JDBC ODBC ODP.NET Oracle Call Interface (OCI) | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | HTTP REST | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C Java JavaScript Python | C C# C++ Clojure Cobol Delphi Eiffel Erlang Fortran Groovy Haskell Java JavaScript Lisp Objective C OCaml Perl PHP Python R Ruby Scala Tcl Visual Basic | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes | yes | PL/SQL also stored procedures in Java possible | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | no | yes | yes | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | no, but can be realized using table inheritance | horizontal partitioning Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously | Sharding, horizontal partitioning | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Automatic sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Source-replica replication | Ingres Replicator | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | no can be realized in PL/SQL | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | ACID | ACID isolation level can be parameterized | ACID | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes MVCC | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | no | yes Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory' | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Access rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset console | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| AgensGraph | Ingres | Oracle | PostgreSQL | Rockset | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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