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DBMS > AgensGraph vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison AgensGraph vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAgensGraph  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMulti-model database supporting relational and graph data models and built upon PostgreSQLFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.20
Rank#321  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
#143  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Websitebitnine.net/­agensgraphwww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.orgravendb.net
Technical documentationbitnine.net/­documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org/­docsravendb.net/­docs
DeveloperBitnine Global Inc.Thomas MuellerMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerHibernating Rhinos
Initial release2016200520141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2010
Current release2.1, December 20182.2.220, July 202316.3, May 20245.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaCC#
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Data schemedepending on used data modelyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (RQL)
APIs and other access methodsCypher Query Language
JDBC
JDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
Java
JavaScript
Python
Java.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
TriggersnoyesJavaScriptyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesno, but can be realized using table inheritancenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*noyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction available
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per database

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More resources
AgensGraphH2Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBPostgreSQLRavenDB
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