DBMS > AgensGraph vs. dBASE vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. IBM Db2 vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison AgensGraph vs. dBASE vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. IBM Db2 vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Multi-model database supporting relational and graph data models and built upon PostgreSQL

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/Linux

Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Since Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDB

Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine

Secondary database models

Document store
RDF store

in Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS

with Db2 Spatial Extender

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.20
Rank	#321	Overall
	#27	Graph DBMS
	#143	Relational DBMS

Score	10.34
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	3.26
Rank	#92	Overall
	#13	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	128.46
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Score	4.26
Rank	#78	Overall
	#13	Document stores
	#4	Graph DBMS
	#2	Native XML DBMS
	#42	Relational DBMS
	#2	RDF stores
	#9	Search engines

Website

bitnine.net/agensgraph

www.dbase.com

cloud.google.com/bigtable

www.ibm.com/products/db2

virtuoso.openlinksw.com

Technical documentation

bitnine.net/documentation

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

www.ibm.com/docs/en/db2

docs.openlinksw.com/virtuoso

Developer

Bitnine Global Inc.

Asthon Tate

Google

IBM

OpenLink Software

Initial release

2016

1979

2015

1983

host version

1998

Current release

2.1, December 2018

dBASE 2019, 2019

12.1, October 2016

7.2.11, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

commercial

free version is available

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

depending on used data model

yes

schema-free

yes

SQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX

APIs and other access methods

Cypher Query Language
JDBC

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries

MongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery

ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT

Supported programming languages

C
Java
JavaScript
Python

dBase proprietary IDE

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

yes

Virtuoso PL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

no, but can be realized using table inheritance

none

Sharding

only with Windows/Unix/Linux Version

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

none

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

yes

with separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)

Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more

Competitive advantages

Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more

Key customers

Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more

Market metrics

Largest installed-base of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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