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DBMS > Aerospike vs. Cassandra vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Aerospike vs. Cassandra vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAerospike infopreviously called Citrusleaf  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFlash-optimized In-memory NoSQL DatabaseWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessUltra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS infoleveraging Apache Tinkerpop
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Wide column storeDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.78
Rank#61  Overall
#11  Document stores
#3  Graph DBMS
#7  Key-value stores
#2  Spatial DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.55
Rank#248  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websiteaerospike.comcassandra.apache.orgwww.harperdb.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdocs.aerospike.comcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.harperdb.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookYouTube
DeveloperAerospikeApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookHarperDBMicrosoft
Initial release2012200820172019
Current release7.0, November 20234.1.3, July 20233.1, August 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache and AGPL Licenses; open sourced in June 2014; commercial Enterprise Edition availableOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infofree community edition availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageCJavaNode.js
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freedynamic schemaFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON data typesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like data manipulation statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Proprietary protocol
TinkerPop Gremlin
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infowith LuanoCustom Functions infosince release 3.1Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnoyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusterSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoAerospike Aggregation Framework is similar to Map/ReduceyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency in cross-datacenter configuration and Immediate Consistency in local cluster configurationEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic execution of operationsno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsAtomic execution of specific operationsno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, using LMDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles infowith Enterprise Edition onlyAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users and rolesAzure Active Directory Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
Aerospike infopreviously called CitrusleafCassandraHarperDBMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
Specific characteristicsAerospike is an enterprise-class, NoSQL database solution delivering predictable...
» more
Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesOptimized for use with SSDs (solid-state hard drives) Scales horizontally and vertically...
» more
No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosAerospike excels in mission-critical applications that have mixed read/write workloads...
» more
Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersNielsen, Williams-Sonoma, Inmobi, AppNexus, Telco (confidential), Financial Services...
» more
Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsAerospike's combination of speed, scalability, and reliability delivers 10x performance...
» more
Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSubscription-based Enterprise Edition and free, open-source Community Edition
» more
Apache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
News

Aerospike Recognized by Independent Research Firm Among Notable Vendors in Vector Databases Report
7 May 2024

Aerospike Closes $109M in Growth Capital from Sumeru Equity Partners
4 April 2024

Aerospike Achieves the new AWS Advertising and Marketing Technology Competency
30 November 2023

Aerospike Showcases New Levels of Database Performance, Price, and Sustainability on Graviton3 at AWS re:Invent
28 November 2023

Aerospike Database 7 Delivers Enterprise Resiliency, Scale, and Speed to In-memory Database Workloads
15 November 2023

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Aerospike infopreviously called CitrusleafCassandraHarperDBMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
DB-Engines blog posts

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Recent citations in the news

Aerospike raises $109M for its real-time database platform to capitalize on the AI boom
4 April 2024, TechCrunch

Aerospike Raises $109M For Accelerated Database Development, Market Expansion
4 April 2024, CRN

Aerospike reels in $109M to accelerate its high-speed database
4 April 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Aerospike Lands $109 Million Investment to Fuel Expansion
25 April 2024, Channel Insider

Aerospike set to grow real time database for AI with $109M raise
4 April 2024, VentureBeat

provided by Google News

Why Apache Cassandra 5.0 Is a Game-Changer for Developers
10 May 2024, The New Stack

Here's What to Know About Apache Cassandra 5.0
15 April 2024, hackernoon.com

How Uber Optimized Cassandra Operations At Scale
20 July 2023, Uber

Cassandra is the “best f*cking database for gen AI,” says DataStax CEO
13 December 2023, VentureBeat

Microsoft extends life support for aging Apache Cassandra 3.11 database
10 October 2023, The Register

provided by Google News

Startups of the Year 2023: Meet HarperDB - A Database and Application Development Platform
22 June 2023, hackernoon.com

Unlocking immersive golfing experiences with AWS Wavelength | Amazon Web Services
29 November 2022, AWS Blog

HarperDB: An underdog SQL / NoSQL database | ZDNET
7 February 2018, ZDNet

HarperDB 4.0 Delivers Enterprise-Grade Global Application Development to Every Developer
17 January 2023, Markets Insider

HarperDB is More Than Just a Database: Here's Why
21 August 2021, hackernoon.com

provided by Google News

General availability: Azure Data Explorer adds new geospatial capabilities | Azure updates
23 January 2024, Microsoft

Public Preview: Azure Data Explorer connector for Apache Flink | Azure updates
8 January 2024, Microsoft

Providing modern data transfer and storage service at Microsoft with Microsoft Azure - Inside Track Blog
13 July 2023, Microsoft

Azure Data Explorer: Log and telemetry analytics benchmark
16 August 2022, Microsoft

Introducing Microsoft Fabric: The data platform for the era of AI | Microsoft Azure Blog
23 May 2023, Microsoft

provided by Google News



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